動詞後只能接不定詞
動詞後只能接不定詞 (to + V) 的情況,是因為這些動詞本身就帶有「未來性、意願、計劃」等尚未實現的動作意味,例如 decide, hope, want, plan, agree, promise, need, refuse, offer, expect, learn 等動詞。這些動詞後面的 to V 就像是說明動作的目的或意向。
只能接不定詞 (to + V) 的動詞範例
Agree (同意):They agreed to help us. (他們同意幫忙。)
Appear (呈現):She appears happy today. (她今天看起來很開心。)
Arrange (安排):I will arrange a meeting for tomorrow. (我會安排明天的會議。)
Aattempt (嘗試):He made an attempt to solve the problem. (他嘗試解決這個問題。)
Care (願意、喜歡):She doesn't care to participate in office gossip. (她不屑於參與辦公室八卦。)
Claim (宣稱、主張):Both countries have made territorial claims to the island. (兩國都對該島提出了領土主張。)
Decide (決定):They decided to leave early. (他們決定早點走。)
Demand (要求):He demanded to see the manager immediately. (他要求立刻見經理。)
Deserve (應得):They deserve to win the game. (他們應該贏得這場比賽。)
Desire (渴望):He has a strong desire to learn English. (他有強烈的渴望學習英文。)
Expect (期望):We expect to arrive on time. (我們期望準時到達。)
Fail (失敗、未能做到):She failed to finish the work on time. (她未能準時完成工作。)
Forget (忘記):Don't forget to turn off the lights before you leave. (離開前別忘了關燈。)
Happen (發生):I happened to meet my old teacher at the grocery store yesterday. (我昨天在雜貨店碰巧遇到了我的老師。)
Hesitate (猶豫):She didn't hesitate to speak up when she saw injustice. (看到不公時,她毫不猶豫地說了出來。)
Hope (希望):She hopes to travel abroad. (她希望出國旅行。)
Intend (意圖要):What do you intend to do after graduation? (畢業後你打算做什麼?)
Learn (學會):She learned to be patient while working with children. (在和孩子們一起工作時,她學會了耐心。)
Manage (成功做到):He managed to finish the report in just two hours. (他竟在兩小時內成功完成了報告。)
Mean (刻意):I meant to help, but I only made things worse. (我本意是想幫忙,卻讓事情更糟了。)
Need (需要):I need to finish this report. (我需要完成這份報告。)
Offer (提供):They offered to pay. (他們主動提出付錢。)
Plan (計劃):We plan to buy a new car. (我們計劃買新車。)
Promise (承諾):He promised to return the book. (他承諾會還書。)
Pretend (假裝):He pretended to sleep.(他假裝睡覺。)
Refuse (拒絕):She refused to answer. (她拒絕回答。)
Tend (傾向):Plants tend to grow faster in warm weather. (植物在溫暖天氣裡往往長得更快。
Want (想要):He wants to learn English. (他想學英文。)
Yearn (渴望):He yearned to travel to distant lands and see the world. (他渴望去遠方旅行,看看這個世界。)
如何判斷?
to V (不定詞) 就是 to + 動詞 的形式,通常表示動作是未發生、還未發生的、未來將要進行或有明確目的。
V-ing (動名詞) 是 動詞 + ing 的形式,則常表示某動作本身、已發生的事或習慣。是一個「將動詞轉為名詞」的方式,表示「一個動作或一件事」。由於它是名詞,因此也可以作為句子中的主詞、補語、受詞。
有些動詞可以接to V或V-ing,但意思會改變(如forget, remember),有些意思不變(如begin, like),有些則完全不同。
記憶小撇步
可以記憶一些常見的「只能接不定詞」的動詞縮寫,例如:ADD + P + N(一個口訣,幫助記憶:Agree, Decide, Demand, Plan, Need...)或將它們歸類為有意願、決定、期望等意思的動詞。
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